Hellerman-Rosenstein wind stress climatology The following is from the reference below: Over 35 million surface observations covering the world ocean from 1870-1976 have been processed for the purpose of calculating monthly normals and standard errors of the eastward and northward components of the wind stress and work done by the winds in the lower 10 meters of the atmosphere. The fields are intended to serve as boundary conditions for models of the ocean circulation. Reference: Hellerman, S. and M. Rosenstein, 1983. Normal monthly wind stress over the world ocean with error estimates. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 13, 1,093-1,104.